What Does the Published Research Say About ARA-290?

What This Article Covers

This article summarizes published research on ARA-290 for technical review. It separates direct human evidence, review-level context, and animal or mechanistic work so the reader can see what has actually been tested before seeing the limitations.

• Scope: This summary is limited to the sources in the synthesis evidence set and separates direct human evidence, review-context literature, and preclinical/mechanistic findings. Citation markers refer to the supplied items (e.g., [pubmed:29392190]).
• Evidence map (from the evidence set): 1 human-source item, 3 review items, and 8 preclinical or related items. The strongest conclusions should remain tied to the specific human context studied.

Bottom Line

• Direct human-source evidence exists but is narrow and neuropathy-focused; conclusions should remain anchored to the specific populations, endpoints, and disease contexts actually studied [pubmed:29392190].
• Mechanistically, ARA‑290 (cibinetide) targets the innate repair receptor (IRR), a heteromer of the erythropoietin receptor and the β‑common (CD131) receptor, with signaling linked to anti‑inflammatory and tissue‑repair pathways [pubmed:29392190].
• Reviews provide mechanistic and translational framing but do not substitute for primary human outcome data [pubmed:39996752; pubmed:28652140; pubmed:33423557].
• Multiple preclinical studies report disease‑model‑specific effects (e.g., neuroinflammation, ischemia, nerve injury, SLE, chemotherapy‑related genotoxicity) but these should not be presented as established human outcomes [pubmed:29570934; pubmed:36046815; pubmed:38488446; pubmed:40216181; pubmed:32335150].
• Dosing, safety, and broad clinical recommendations are not established by the supplied sources (evidence set uncertainties).

What Was Tested in Humans?

• The evidence set includes a single human‑source citation focused on neuropathy that characterizes the IRR as a heteromer of EPOR and the β‑common (CD131) receptor and links its activation to anti‑inflammatory and tissue‑repair signaling [pubmed:29392190].
• This source frames IRR‑targeted approaches (including ARA‑290/cibinetide) within neuropathy contexts and contains the evidence set’s only direct human‑level information. The breadth and strength of human outcome data should be considered limited; conclusions should not be generalized beyond the studied populations and endpoints [pubmed:29392190].

What Did Animal and Mechanistic Studies Show?

The available evidence set should be interpreted carefully when it includes animal, cellular, formulation, or mechanistic findings. Those findings can explain why researchers study the compound, but they should not be presented as established human outcomes.

How the Evidence Fits Together

The practical reading for ARA-290 is evidence hierarchy. Human studies, when present, carry the most weight, but only for the exact population, route, comparator, and endpoint studied. Reviews can help map the field, and animal or mechanistic studies can explain biological plausibility, but neither should be used to leap beyond the human evidence.

What Is Not Established

• Broad human efficacy for ARA-290 is not established by this article.
• Animal, cellular, or review-level findings should not be converted into human-use claims.
• Dosing, administration, treatment, diagnostic, or veterinary-use guidance is outside the scope of KRL materials.

Research-Use Boundary

This article summarizes published research and regulatory-source discussion for technical review. It is not medical advice, not a dosing guide, and not a recommendation for human or veterinary use. KRL materials are sold for research use only and are not for diagnostic, therapeutic, or administration purposes.

Selected Sources

• [pubmed:29392190] Targeting the innate repair receptor to treat neuropathy. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29392190/
• [pubmed:39996752] The Role of Erythropoietin in Metabolic Regulation. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39996752/
• [pubmed:28652140] Erythropoietin in diabetic retinopathy. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28652140/
• [pubmed:33423557] The time to develop treatments for diabetic neuropathy. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33423557/
• [pubmed:29570934] Non‑erythropoietic erythropoietin‑derived peptide protects mice from systemic lupus erythematosus. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29570934/
• [pubmed:36046815] Nonerythropoietic Erythropoietin Mimetic Peptide ARA290 Ameliorates Chronic Stress‑Induced Depression‑Like Behavior and Inflammation in Mice. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36046815/
• [pubmed:38488446] Erythropoietin‑derived peptide ARA290 mediates brain tissue protection through the β‑common receptor in mice with cerebral ischemic stroke. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38488446/
• [pubmed:40216181] ARA290, an alternative of erythropoietin, inhibits activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in schwann cells after sciatic nerve injury. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40216181/
• [pubmed:32335150] An engineered non‑erythropoietic erythropoietin‑derived peptide, ARA290, attenuates doxorubicin induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32335150/
• [pubchem:91810664] PubChem compound record: Cibinetide. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/91810664
• [patent_search:ara-290-cibinetide-helix-b-surface-peptide] Google Patents search for ARA‑290 cibinetide helix B surface peptide. https://patents.google.com/?q=ARA-290+cibinetide+helix+B+surface+peptide
• [crossref:10.1007/springerreference_35417] Helix Initiation Peptide Helix Termination Peptide. https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_35417
• [crossref:10.1007/springerreference_33352] Helix Termination Peptide. https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_33352
• [crossref:10.1007/3-540-29623-9_7284] Helix Initiation Peptide Helix Termination Peptide (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29623-9_7284
• [crossref:10.1021/ja061989d.s001] Helix Triangle: Unique Peptide‑Based Molecular Architecture. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja061989d.s001
• [crossref:10.1021/jacs.5c04078.s001] Metal‑‑Helix Peptide Frameworks. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c04078.s001
• [pubmed:27028159] Mesoporous Silica Particles as a Multifunctional Delivery System for Pain Relief in Experimental Neuropathy. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27028159/
• [pubmed:34478930] Multifaceted roles of a bioengineered nanoreactor in repressing radiation‑induced lung injury. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34478930/
• [pubmed:38612664] The Role of Macrophage Efferocytosis in the Pathogenesis of Apical Periodontitis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38612664/

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